Food Allergies – they're no picnic

Allergies, especially those to food, are on the rise in New Zealand, with young children being the most affected.

It is estimated that between six to eight percent of young New Zealanders have an allergy or multiple allergies to foo. However, new studies indicate this figure is even higher with one in ten affected. That’s around ten babies born each day.

Egg, cow’s milk (dairy) and peanuts are the top three allergens, followed by tree nuts (e.g. cashews, almonds), soy, wheat, seeds, fish and shellfish. However an allergic reaction can occur to any kind of food.

Symptoms of an allergic reaction may depend on where the allergen enters your body. An airborne allergen such as pollen, for example, is breathed in through the nose and usually causes symptoms in the nose, eyes, sinuses and throat, such as allergic rhinitis — commonly known as hay fever.

Food allergy, on the other hand, is more often associated with stomach or bowel problems and may cause hives. Allergic reactions can involve several parts of the body at the same time.

The symptoms of allergic reactions range from mild to severe to life threatening. They can include hives, eczema and facial swelling, hay fever symptoms, swelling of the throat, cough, wheeze, difficulty breathing, nausea, vomiting, stomach pains and diarrhea, feeling faint, weakness, pallor, floppiness (particularly in infants), or collapse.

Anaphylaxis is the most severe form of allergic reaction, often affecting several parts of the body, including either the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, or both. It must be treated with adrenaline.

If you suspect your child has had an allergic reaction, it is important to see your GP. If it is a food allergy, you will need to see a paediatrician or an allergy specialist. A food allergy is diagnosed by taking a detailed history of your symptoms and your general medical history and a skin prick test or Rast test may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Caring for a family member with food allergies or intolerance can be challenging, however with the right information and support, allergy sufferers can live happy, healthy, active lifestyles.

Allergy New Zealand is a national charity that provides support, advocacy and information for people living with food allergies, anaphylaxis and other allergies or allergic conditions.

Allergy Awareness Week is being held from the 15 – 21 May 2011.

For more information about allergies or to request a free food allergy information pack go to www.allergy.org.nz