Traditiional Methods for Current Problems at TWOA

Te Wānanga o Aotearoa tauira are using traditional methods and mātauranga Māori to rid their waters of a contemporary pest. The raranga tauira in the Level 3 Kāwai Raupapa programme and Toi Paematua tauira in Ōpōtiki, are using their skills to battle Coscinasterias calamaria, an 11-legged starfish that is devastating their kapata kai (food source) in the Ōhiwa Harbour.

Roka Ngarimu-Cameron, who is a kaiako at Te Wānanga o Aotearoa in Ōpōtiki said the starfish were "wiping out everything" in their local waters. "They're definitely causing an imbalance  because they eat everything," said Ms Ngarimu-Cameron. Ms. Ngarimu-Cameron's tauira recently teamed with  NIWA staff, led by Dr. Kura Paul-Burke, to battle the voracious critters by trialing a traditional approach to their contemporary problem.

Tauira are using a specific harakeke that produces a high­ quality  muka and tī kouka to create biodegradable mussel spat lines. Baby mussels attach themselves  to the spat lines out of reach of the starfish. "We are making the mussel spats with  harakeke but we are also using tī kouka, which lasts longer.

"We also use a traditional buoy - a native New Zealand cork called hauama -  to hold the buoy up. It's about  experimenting with  what  our tlpuna  used back in the day."

Tauira are also using the skills they've learned  through mahi tāruke (crayfish  pots) and kupenga (fishing nets) to make cages. NIWA have asked the tauira to create four cages, each a metre-high, a metre-wide and two metres  long. The cages, which allow other  marine  objects to pass over them  while protecting marine  life from  the starfish, will be placed in the east and west side of the Ōhiwa Harbour.

NIWA will monitor their effectiveness when the trial starts at the end of June.

"We are building these cages to protect the mussels from the starfish with these traditional materials so it can just rot away instead of using materials like steel," said Ms. Ngarimu­ Cameron. "This natural material disintegrates. It's something that I don't think  has been attempted before." Ms. Ngarimu-Cameron was hopeful  that  the trial  would be successful so more people could benefit from  their  mahi in the future. “We are happy to be using the methods our tipuna did to address these kinds of problems. And if it works it might mean a job for someone to make them."

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